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      "text": "time, millions of people are asking a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 32,
      "start": 71.0,
      "end": 72.92,
      "text": "completely different question. What",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 33,
      "start": 72.92,
      "end": 75.04,
      "text": "happens when technology starts replacing",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 34,
      "start": 75.04,
      "end": 77.04,
      "text": "the person instead of just helping the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 35,
      "start": 77.04,
      "end": 79.44,
      "text": "person? And that's exactly why I wanted",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 36,
      "start": 79.44,
      "end": 81.88,
      "text": "to react to this podcast. A 2-hour",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 37,
      "start": 81.88,
      "end": 83.96,
      "text": "conversation between Steven Bartlett and",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 38,
      "start": 83.96,
      "end": 86.56,
      "text": "journalist Karen Hao, a woman who spent",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 39,
      "start": 86.56,
      "end": 89.04,
      "text": "8 years and over 300 interviews",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 40,
      "start": 89.04,
      "end": 90.72,
      "text": "investigating what's really happening",
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    },
    {
      "id": 41,
      "start": 90.72,
      "end": 93.32,
      "text": "inside companies like OpenAI.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 42,
      "start": 93.32,
      "end": 95.32,
      "text": "And I need to be honest with you. Some",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 43,
      "start": 95.32,
      "end": 97.4,
      "text": "of what she says made me angry. Some of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 44,
      "start": 97.4,
      "end": 99.24,
      "text": "it made me question things I use every",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 45,
      "start": 99.24,
      "end": 101.88,
      "text": "day, and one part about a small town in",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 46,
      "start": 101.88,
      "end": 104.88,
      "text": "Tennessee genuinely disturbed me.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 47,
      "start": 104.88,
      "end": 106.72,
      "text": "Let's walk through it and give my honest",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 48,
      "start": 106.72,
      "end": 108.32,
      "text": "opinion about it.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 49,
      "start": 108.32,
      "end": 110.48,
      "text": "I want to give you some background first",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 50,
      "start": 110.48,
      "end": 112.36,
      "text": "because you can't understand the fight",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 51,
      "start": 112.36,
      "end": 114.6,
      "text": "without understanding the field.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 52,
      "start": 114.6,
      "end": 117.36,
      "text": ">> So, this was back in 1956",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 53,
      "start": 117.36,
      "end": 119.08,
      "text": "and [music] there were a group of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 54,
      "start": 119.08,
      "end": 120.36,
      "text": "scientists that gathered at Dartmouth",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 55,
      "start": 120.36,
      "end": 123.0,
      "text": "University to start a new discipline, a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 56,
      "start": 123.0,
      "end": 125.04,
      "text": "scientific discipline, to try and chase",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 57,
      "start": 125.04,
      "end": 127.96,
      "text": "an ambition. And specifically, an",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 58,
      "start": 127.96,
      "end": 129.08,
      "text": "assistant professor at Dartmouth",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 59,
      "start": 129.08,
      "end": 131.4,
      "text": "University, John McCarthy, decided to",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 60,
      "start": 131.4,
      "end": 132.84,
      "text": "name this discipline artificial",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 61,
      "start": 132.84,
      "end": 134.55,
      "text": "intelligence.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 62,
      "start": 134.55,
      "end": 134.56,
      "text": "intelligence.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 63,
      "start": 134.56,
      "end": 136.12,
      "text": "This was not the first name that he",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 64,
      "start": 136.12,
      "end": 138.32,
      "text": "tried. The previous year, he tried to",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 65,
      "start": 138.32,
      "end": 141.28,
      "text": "name it Automata Studies. And the reason",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 66,
      "start": 141.28,
      "end": 142.24,
      "text": "why some of his colleagues were",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 67,
      "start": 142.24,
      "end": 145.04,
      "text": "concerned about this name was because it",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 68,
      "start": 145.04,
      "end": 148.16,
      "text": "pegged the idea of this discipline to",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 69,
      "start": 148.16,
      "end": 149.92,
      "text": "recreating human intelligence.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 70,
      "start": 149.92,
      "end": 151.4,
      "text": ">> His colleagues were deeply concerned",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 71,
      "start": 151.4,
      "end": 153.88,
      "text": "about the term artificial intelligence",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 72,
      "start": 153.88,
      "end": 155.72,
      "text": "because it tied the field to the goal of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 73,
      "start": 155.72,
      "end": 158.52,
      "text": "recreating human intelligence. Both then",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 74,
      "start": 158.52,
      "end": 160.04,
      "text": "and now, there is absolutely no",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 75,
      "start": 160.04,
      "end": 161.84,
      "text": "scientific consensus on what human",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 76,
      "start": 161.84,
      "end": 164.12,
      "text": "intelligence actually is. There is no",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 77,
      "start": 164.12,
      "end": 166.0,
      "text": "single definition from biology,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 78,
      "start": 166.0,
      "end": 168.88,
      "text": "psychology, or neurology, which means,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 79,
      "start": 168.88,
      "end": 171.32,
      "text": "as Karen points out, when today's AI",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 80,
      "start": 171.32,
      "end": 174.04,
      "text": "companies talk about building AGI,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 81,
      "start": 174.04,
      "end": 176.12,
      "text": "artificial general intelligence, they're",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 82,
      "start": 176.12,
      "end": 178.12,
      "text": "chasing a finish line that literally",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 83,
      "start": 178.12,
      "end": 180.2,
      "text": "doesn't have fixed coordinates.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 84,
      "start": 180.2,
      "end": 181.0,
      "text": ">> Well,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 85,
      "start": 181.0,
      "end": 184.28,
      "text": "there are no goalposts for this field,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 86,
      "start": 184.28,
      "end": 185.64,
      "text": "and there are no goalposts for the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 87,
      "start": 185.64,
      "end": 187.28,
      "text": "industry when they say that they are",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 88,
      "start": 187.28,
      "end": 190.36,
      "text": "ultimately trying to recreate AI systems",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 89,
      "start": 190.36,
      "end": 192.88,
      "text": "that would be as smart as humans. How do",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 90,
      "start": 192.88,
      "end": 195.32,
      "text": "we even define what that means? And when",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 91,
      "start": 195.32,
      "end": 197.4,
      "text": "are we going to get there if we don't",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 92,
      "start": 197.4,
      "end": 200.6,
      "text": "know how to define the destination?",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 93,
      "start": 200.6,
      "end": 204.4,
      "text": ">> Karen shows how OpenAI has redefined AGI",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 94,
      "start": 204.4,
      "end": 206.48,
      "text": "depending on who's in the room. When Sam",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 95,
      "start": 206.48,
      "end": 208.84,
      "text": "Altman talks to Congress, AGI is the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 96,
      "start": 208.84,
      "end": 211.04,
      "text": "thing that will cure cancer, solve",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 97,
      "start": 211.04,
      "end": 213.64,
      "text": "climate change, cure poverty. When he's",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 98,
      "start": 213.64,
      "end": 215.64,
      "text": "selling to regular customers like us,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 99,
      "start": 215.64,
      "end": 217.76,
      "text": "it's the most amazing digital assistant",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 100,
      "start": 217.76,
      "end": 219.959,
      "text": "you'll ever have. When Microsoft was",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 101,
      "start": 219.959,
      "end": 222.6,
      "text": "writing the investment contract, AGI was",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 102,
      "start": 222.6,
      "end": 224.519,
      "text": "legally defined as a system that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 103,
      "start": 224.519,
      "end": 228.0,
      "text": "generates $100 billion in revenue.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 104,
      "start": 228.0,
      "end": 230.0,
      "text": ">> They can use it however they want to,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 105,
      "start": 230.0,
      "end": 232.16,
      "text": "and they can define and redefine it",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 106,
      "start": 232.16,
      "end": 233.68,
      "text": "based on what is convenient for them.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 107,
      "start": 233.68,
      "end": 236.08,
      "text": "So, in OpenAI's history, it has defined",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 108,
      "start": 236.08,
      "end": 238.2,
      "text": "and redefined it many times. When Sam",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 109,
      "start": 238.2,
      "end": 240.84,
      "text": "Altman is talking with Congress, AGI is",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 110,
      "start": 240.84,
      "end": 242.72,
      "text": "a system that's going to cure cancer,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 111,
      "start": 242.72,
      "end": 245.84,
      "text": "solve climate change, cure poverty. When",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 112,
      "start": 245.84,
      "end": 247.68,
      "text": "he's talking with consumers that he's",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 113,
      "start": 247.68,
      "end": 250.44,
      "text": "trying to sell his products to, it's the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 114,
      "start": 250.44,
      "end": 252.2,
      "text": "most amazing digital assistant that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 115,
      "start": 252.2,
      "end": 254.36,
      "text": "you're going to ever going to have. When",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 116,
      "start": 254.36,
      "end": 256.4,
      "text": "he was talking with Microsoft, you know,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 117,
      "start": 256.4,
      "end": 258.6,
      "text": "in the deal that OpenAI and Microsoft",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 118,
      "start": 258.6,
      "end": 260.88,
      "text": "struck where Microsoft invested in the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 119,
      "start": 260.88,
      "end": 263.8,
      "text": "company, it was defined as a system that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 120,
      "start": 263.8,
      "end": 265.48,
      "text": "will generate a hundred billion dollars",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 121,
      "start": 265.48,
      "end": 268.36,
      "text": "of revenue. And on OpenAI's own website,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 122,
      "start": 268.36,
      "end": 270.2,
      "text": "they define it as highly autonomous",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 123,
      "start": 270.2,
      "end": 273.56,
      "text": "systems that outperform humans in most",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 124,
      "start": 273.56,
      "end": 276.64,
      "text": "economically valuable work. This is like",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 125,
      "start": 276.64,
      "end": 279.76,
      "text": "not a coherent vision of one technology.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 126,
      "start": 279.76,
      "end": 282.04,
      "text": "These are very different definitions",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 127,
      "start": 282.04,
      "end": 284.72,
      "text": "that are spoken out loud to the audience",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 128,
      "start": 284.72,
      "end": 288.0,
      "text": "that needs to be mobilized to ward off",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 129,
      "start": 288.0,
      "end": 290.72,
      "text": "regulation or get more consumer buy-in",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 130,
      "start": 290.72,
      "end": 293.2,
      "text": "into the the industry's quest.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 131,
      "start": 293.2,
      "end": 295.52,
      "text": ">> Read that again. Same three letters,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 132,
      "start": 295.52,
      "end": 297.36,
      "text": "completely different meaning depending",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 133,
      "start": 297.36,
      "end": 299.44,
      "text": "on who needs convincing. I don't think",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 134,
      "start": 299.44,
      "end": 301.16,
      "text": "that's a coincidence. I think that's a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 135,
      "start": 301.16,
      "end": 302.67,
      "text": "strategy.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 136,
      "start": 302.67,
      "end": 302.68,
      "text": "strategy.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 137,
      "start": 302.68,
      "end": 304.16,
      "text": "Here's the clip that genuinely made me",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 138,
      "start": 304.16,
      "end": 305.48,
      "text": "sit up.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 139,
      "start": 305.48,
      "end": 307.2,
      "text": ">> In 2015,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 140,
      "start": 307.2,
      "end": 308.8,
      "text": "in a blog post that Sam Altman wrote",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 141,
      "start": 308.8,
      "end": 311.04,
      "text": "before OpenAI was officially announced,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 142,
      "start": 311.04,
      "end": 313.44,
      "text": "he explicitly outlined the existential",
      "source": "source_caption",
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      "id": 143,
      "start": 313.44,
      "end": 315.28,
      "text": "risk by saying, \"Development of",
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    },
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      "id": 144,
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      "end": 317.72,
      "text": "superhuman machine intelligence is",
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    },
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      "id": 145,
      "start": 317.72,
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      "text": "probably the greatest threat to the",
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    },
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      "end": 321.2,
      "text": "continued existence of humanity. There",
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      "id": 147,
      "start": 321.2,
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      "text": "are other threats that I think are more",
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    },
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      "id": 148,
      "start": 322.64,
      "end": 324.4,
      "text": "certain to happen, for example, an",
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    },
    {
      "id": 149,
      "start": 324.4,
      "end": 325.84,
      "text": "engineered virus,",
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    },
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      "id": 150,
      "start": 325.84,
      "end": 328.56,
      "text": "but AI is probably the most likely way",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 151,
      "start": 328.56,
      "end": 330.16,
      "text": "to destroy everything.\"",
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    },
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      "id": 152,
      "start": 330.16,
      "end": 333.28,
      "text": ">> Back in 2015, before OpenAI officially",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
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      "id": 153,
      "start": 333.28,
      "end": 335.6,
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    },
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      "start": 335.6,
      "end": 337.16,
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    },
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      "id": 155,
      "start": 337.16,
      "end": 340.04,
      "text": "carefully here, that a superhuman AI was",
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    },
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      "text": "probably the single biggest threat to",
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      "end": 344.36,
      "text": "humanity's survival, bigger than almost",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 158,
      "start": 344.36,
      "end": 345.72,
      "text": "anything else.",
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    },
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      "id": 159,
      "start": 345.72,
      "end": 347.52,
      "text": "Karen's reporting shows that Altman",
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    },
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      "id": 160,
      "start": 347.52,
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      "text": "wrote that specific line right around",
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    },
    {
      "id": 161,
      "start": 349.56,
      "end": 351.4,
      "text": "the time he was trying to convince Elon",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 162,
      "start": 351.4,
      "end": 354.52,
      "text": "Musk to co-found OpenAI with him. And",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 163,
      "start": 354.52,
      "end": 357.16,
      "text": "Musk, at that exact same time, was doing",
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    },
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      "id": 164,
      "start": 357.16,
      "end": 359.96,
      "text": "famous talks, including one at MIT,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 165,
      "start": 359.96,
      "end": 362.16,
      "text": "where he compared building advanced AI",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 166,
      "start": 362.16,
      "end": 364.24,
      "text": "to summoning the demon.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 167,
      "start": 364.24,
      "end": 366.48,
      "text": ">> And so, in that blog post, if you look",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 168,
      "start": 366.48,
      "end": 368.44,
      "text": "at the the language that Altman uses",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 169,
      "start": 368.44,
      "end": 370.36,
      "text": "side by side with the language that Musk",
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    },
    {
      "id": 170,
      "start": 370.36,
      "end": 373.2,
      "text": "was using at the time, it mirrors the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 171,
      "start": 373.2,
      "end": 375.0,
      "text": "all the things that Musk was saying.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 172,
      "start": 375.0,
      "end": 375.68,
      "text": ">> Yeah.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 173,
      "start": 375.68,
      "end": 377.96,
      "text": ">> years ago Musk was going on podcasts",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 174,
      "start": 377.96,
      "end": 380.0,
      "text": "saying, tweeting, whatever, that the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 175,
      "start": 380.0,
      "end": 381.64,
      "text": "greatest existential risk to humanity",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 176,
      "start": 381.64,
      "end": 382.44,
      "text": "was AI.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 177,
      "start": 382.44,
      "end": 385.28,
      "text": ">> Musk did end up co-founding OpenAI. He",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 178,
      "start": 385.28,
      "end": 387.2,
      "text": "also ended up leaving, and by his own",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 179,
      "start": 387.2,
      "end": 389.36,
      "text": "account, feeling used. The two are now",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 180,
      "start": 389.36,
      "end": 391.6,
      "text": "suing each other.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 181,
      "start": 391.6,
      "end": 393.36,
      "text": "But this next part is where Karen's",
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    },
    {
      "id": 182,
      "start": 393.36,
      "end": 395.16,
      "text": "reporting feels like something you need",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 183,
      "start": 395.16,
      "end": 396.8,
      "text": "to actually know before you open your",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 184,
      "start": 396.8,
      "end": 398.12,
      "text": "chatbot app again.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 185,
      "start": 398.12,
      "end": 399.56,
      "text": ">> And that is why I call these companies",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 186,
      "start": 399.56,
      "end": 400.68,
      "text": "empires of AI.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 187,
      "start": 400.68,
      "end": 403.0,
      "text": ">> What do you mean by an imperial agenda?",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 188,
      "start": 403.0,
      "end": 404.28,
      "text": "What What does that term mean?",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 189,
      "start": 404.28,
      "end": 407.414,
      "text": ">> Empire is the only metaphor that I've",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 190,
      "start": 407.414,
      "end": 410.12,
      "text": "[music] ever found to fully encapsulate",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 191,
      "start": 410.12,
      "end": 411.84,
      "text": "all of the dimensions of what these",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 192,
      "start": 411.84,
      "end": 413.64,
      "text": "companies do,",
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    },
    {
      "id": 193,
      "start": 413.64,
      "end": 416.24,
      "text": "and the scale that they operate, and",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 194,
      "start": 416.24,
      "end": 418.4,
      "text": "what motivates them to do what they do.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 195,
      "start": 418.4,
      "end": 420.64,
      "text": "And there are many parallels that you",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 196,
      "start": 420.64,
      "end": 422.64,
      "text": "see between what I call the empires of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 197,
      "start": 422.64,
      "end": 424.88,
      "text": "AI and the empires of old.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 198,
      "start": 424.88,
      "end": 426.68,
      "text": ">> Karen's whole book rests on one bold",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 199,
      "start": 426.68,
      "end": 429.08,
      "text": "claim: These are not just companies. She",
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    },
    {
      "id": 200,
      "start": 429.08,
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      "text": "calls them empires of AI, and she lays",
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    },
    {
      "id": 201,
      "start": 431.6,
      "end": 433.68,
      "text": "out four specific parallels to empires",
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    },
    {
      "id": 202,
      "start": 433.68,
      "end": 436.72,
      "text": "of old. One, resource grabbing.",
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    },
    {
      "id": 203,
      "start": 436.72,
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      "text": "She says these companies lay claim to",
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    },
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      "id": 204,
      "start": 438.28,
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      "text": "resources that aren't theirs, the",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 205,
      "start": 440.12,
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      "text": "personal data of ordinary people, the",
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    },
    {
      "id": 206,
      "start": 442.36,
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      "text": "intellectual property of artists and",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 207,
      "start": 444.0,
      "end": 446.32,
      "text": "writers, and land for building massive",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 208,
      "start": 446.32,
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      "text": "computing facilities. Two, labor",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 209,
      "start": 448.72,
      "end": 450.19,
      "text": "exploitation.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 210,
      "start": 450.19,
      "end": 450.2,
      "text": "exploitation.",
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    },
    {
      "id": 211,
      "start": 450.2,
      "end": 451.84,
      "text": "Hundreds of thousands of workers around",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 212,
      "start": 451.84,
      "end": 453.88,
      "text": "the world, including in the US, are",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 213,
      "start": 453.88,
      "end": 456.16,
      "text": "contracted to help build these systems,",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 214,
      "start": 456.16,
      "end": 457.919,
      "text": "often in ways that quietly strip away",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 215,
      "start": 457.919,
      "end": 459.76,
      "text": "labor protections once the tools are",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
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      "id": 216,
      "start": 459.76,
      "end": 461.15,
      "text": "deployed.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 217,
      "start": 461.15,
      "end": 461.16,
      "text": "deployed.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 218,
      "start": 461.16,
      "end": 463.24,
      "text": "Three, controlling knowledge.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 219,
      "start": 463.24,
      "end": 464.92,
      "text": "These corporate empires project the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 220,
      "start": 464.92,
      "end": 466.64,
      "text": "false narrative that they are the only",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 221,
      "start": 466.64,
      "end": 468.64,
      "text": "ones pure enough or smart enough to",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 222,
      "start": 468.64,
      "end": 471.28,
      "text": "understand and guide AI safely. They",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 223,
      "start": 471.28,
      "end": 473.6,
      "text": "actively gaslight the public and policy",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 224,
      "start": 473.6,
      "end": 476.0,
      "text": "makers. Even worse, they spend hundreds",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 225,
      "start": 476.0,
      "end": 477.68,
      "text": "of millions of dollars to kill public",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 226,
      "start": 477.68,
      "end": 479.96,
      "text": "safety legislation and ruthlessly censor",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 227,
      "start": 479.96,
      "end": 481.88,
      "text": "any internal researchers whose findings",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 228,
      "start": 481.88,
      "end": 484.32,
      "text": "threaten their corporate profits.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 229,
      "start": 484.32,
      "end": 486.08,
      "text": "Take the case of Dr. Timnit Gebru at",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 230,
      "start": 486.08,
      "end": 487.11,
      "text": "Google.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 231,
      "start": 487.11,
      "end": 487.12,
      "text": "Google.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 232,
      "start": 487.12,
      "end": 489.04,
      "text": "She was hired to lead an ethical AI",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 233,
      "start": 489.04,
      "end": 490.96,
      "text": "team. But when she co-authored a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 234,
      "start": 490.96,
      "end": 493.28,
      "text": "brilliant paper highlighting the severe",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 235,
      "start": 493.28,
      "end": 495.64,
      "text": "biases and environmental harms of large",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 236,
      "start": 495.64,
      "end": 498.04,
      "text": "language models, Google executives tried",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 237,
      "start": 498.04,
      "end": 500.12,
      "text": "to suppress it and ultimately fired her",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 238,
      "start": 500.12,
      "end": 502.84,
      "text": "and her co-lead, Margaret Mitchell.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 239,
      "start": 502.84,
      "end": 505.16,
      "text": "Four, myth-making. This is the one that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 240,
      "start": 505.16,
      "end": 507.44,
      "text": "got me. Karen says these companies need",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 241,
      "start": 507.44,
      "end": 508.96,
      "text": "the public to believe two things at",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 242,
      "start": 508.96,
      "end": 509.95,
      "text": "once.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 243,
      "start": 509.95,
      "end": 509.96,
      "text": "once.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 244,
      "start": 509.96,
      "end": 512.2,
      "text": "That AI could be catastrophic and that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 245,
      "start": 512.2,
      "end": 515.12,
      "text": "it could bring utopia. Why both? Because",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 246,
      "start": 515.12,
      "end": 517.08,
      "text": "if it's dangerous, only they should be",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 247,
      "start": 517.08,
      "end": 518.88,
      "text": "trusted to control it. And if it's",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 248,
      "start": 518.88,
      "end": 520.88,
      "text": "utopian, we should hand them our trust,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 249,
      "start": 520.88,
      "end": 522.4,
      "text": "our data, and our money to get there",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 250,
      "start": 522.4,
      "end": 524.56,
      "text": "faster. Here's a real quote she brings",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 251,
      "start": 524.56,
      "end": 526.32,
      "text": "up from 2017.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 252,
      "start": 526.32,
      "end": 528.16,
      "text": ">> the record on podcasts in their blog",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 253,
      "start": 528.16,
      "end": 530.0,
      "text": "posts to see how it's evolved over time.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 254,
      "start": 530.0,
      "end": 531.8,
      "text": "And Dario, who was the former VP of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
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    {
      "id": 255,
      "start": 531.8,
      "end": 534.24,
      "text": "research at OpenAI, and has now moved on",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 256,
      "start": 534.24,
      "end": 536.08,
      "text": "to Anthropic, who are taking a slightly",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 257,
      "start": 536.08,
      "end": 538.08,
      "text": "different approach to developing AI,",
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    },
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      "id": 258,
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      "end": 540.36,
      "text": "said back in 2017 while he was still at",
      "source": "source_caption",
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    },
    {
      "id": 259,
      "start": 540.36,
      "end": 543.839,
      "text": "OpenAI, that I think at the extreme end",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 260,
      "start": 543.839,
      "end": 545.88,
      "text": "is the Nick Bostrom style of fear that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 261,
      "start": 545.88,
      "end": 548.72,
      "text": "an AGI could destroy humanity. I can't",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 262,
      "start": 548.72,
      "end": 551.08,
      "text": "see any reason in principle why that",
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    },
    {
      "id": 263,
      "start": 551.08,
      "end": 553.0,
      "text": "couldn't happen. My chance that",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 264,
      "start": 553.0,
      "end": 554.52,
      "text": "something goes really quite",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 265,
      "start": 554.52,
      "end": 556.16,
      "text": "catastrophically wrong on the scale of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 266,
      "start": 556.16,
      "end": 557.96,
      "text": "human civilization",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 267,
      "start": 557.96,
      "end": 561.68,
      "text": "might be somewhere between 10% and 25%.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 268,
      "start": 561.68,
      "end": 564.8,
      "text": ">> 10 to 25%. Read that number again.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 269,
      "start": 564.8,
      "end": 566.76,
      "text": "That's not a fringe blogger. That's a",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 270,
      "start": 566.76,
      "end": 568.68,
      "text": "man now running one of the most funded",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 271,
      "start": 568.68,
      "end": 571.08,
      "text": "AI labs on Earth.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 272,
      "start": 571.08,
      "end": 572.68,
      "text": "I thought the empire argument was the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 273,
      "start": 572.68,
      "end": 575.36,
      "text": "most shocking part of this conversation.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 274,
      "start": 575.36,
      "end": 577.68,
      "text": "I was wrong. The next section about a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 275,
      "start": 577.68,
      "end": 580.0,
      "text": "small community in Tennessee is the part",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 276,
      "start": 580.0,
      "end": 582.12,
      "text": "that actually stayed with me overnight.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 277,
      "start": 582.12,
      "end": 584.48,
      "text": "We talk about AI like it lives in the",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 278,
      "start": 584.48,
      "end": 587.72,
      "text": "cloud, like it's weightless. It is not.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 279,
      "start": 587.72,
      "end": 591.04,
      "text": ">> OpenAI's largest, one of its largest",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 280,
      "start": 591.04,
      "end": 592.88,
      "text": "data center projects, is being built in",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 281,
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      "end": 594.64,
      "text": "Abilene, Texas as part of the Stargate",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 282,
      "start": 594.64,
      "end": 596.8,
      "text": "initiative, which was an effort",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 283,
      "start": 596.8,
      "end": 598.6,
      "text": "announced at the beginning of Trump's",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 284,
      "start": 598.6,
      "end": 600.32,
      "text": "second administration to spend $500",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 285,
      "start": 600.32,
      "end": 603.84,
      "text": "billion on AI computing infrastructure.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 286,
      "start": 603.84,
      "end": 605.64,
      "text": "That one would be the size of Central",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 287,
      "start": 605.64,
      "end": 606.91,
      "text": "Park.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 288,
      "start": 606.91,
      "end": 606.92,
      "text": "Park.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 289,
      "start": 606.92,
      "end": 609.08,
      "text": "And it would run a million computer",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 290,
      "start": 609.08,
      "end": 611.76,
      "text": "chips, and it would",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 291,
      "start": 611.76,
      "end": 614.76,
      "text": "require the power of more than 20% of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 292,
      "start": 614.76,
      "end": 616.36,
      "text": "New York City.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 293,
      "start": 616.36,
      "end": 618.12,
      "text": ">> Then there's a meta facility being built",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 294,
      "start": 618.12,
      "end": 620.4,
      "text": "in Louisiana that's reportedly four",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 295,
      "start": 620.4,
      "end": 622.64,
      "text": "times the size of that Texas one, using",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 296,
      "start": 622.64,
      "end": 624.52,
      "text": "about half the average power demand of",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 297,
      "start": 624.52,
      "end": 626.92,
      "text": "the entire city of New York.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 298,
      "start": 626.92,
      "end": 628.88,
      "text": "Karen talks about Memphis, Tennessee,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 299,
      "start": 628.88,
      "end": 631.0,
      "text": "where Elon Musk built Colossus, the",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 300,
      "start": 631.0,
      "end": 633.04,
      "text": "supercomputer used to train Grok,",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 301,
      "start": 633.04,
      "end": 635.32,
      "text": "powered partly by 35 methane gas",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 302,
      "start": 635.32,
      "end": 636.39,
      "text": "turbines.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 303,
      "start": 636.39,
      "end": 636.4,
      "text": "turbines.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 304,
      "start": 636.4,
      "end": 638.2,
      "text": "The community living there, a working",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 305,
      "start": 638.2,
      "end": 640.8,
      "text": "class, reportedly wasn't formally told",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 306,
      "start": 640.8,
      "end": 643.12,
      "text": "they'd be hosting this facility.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 307,
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      "end": 644.88,
      "text": "According to Karen, residents first",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 308,
      "start": 644.88,
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      "text": "realized something had changed when they",
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    },
    {
      "id": 309,
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      "text": "smelled what seemed like a gas leak",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 310,
      "start": 648.2,
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      "text": "inside their own homes.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 311,
      "start": 649.92,
      "end": 651.92,
      "text": "That community, she says, already has",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 312,
      "start": 651.92,
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      "text": "some of the highest rates of asthma and",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 313,
      "start": 653.76,
      "end": 656.16,
      "text": "respiratory illness in the area.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 314,
      "start": 656.16,
      "end": 658.44,
      "text": "Now add industrial-scale gas turbines",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 315,
      "start": 658.44,
      "end": 661.16,
      "text": "running next door, 24 hours a day, to",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 316,
      "start": 661.16,
      "end": 663.08,
      "text": "power a machine most of those residents",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 317,
      "start": 663.08,
      "end": 665.52,
      "text": "will never directly benefit from.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 318,
      "start": 665.52,
      "end": 667.92,
      "text": "And in a cruel twist, the same wave of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 319,
      "start": 667.92,
      "end": 670.32,
      "text": "automation this facility helps build is",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 320,
      "start": 670.32,
      "end": 672.16,
      "text": "also the thing most likely to replace",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 321,
      "start": 672.16,
      "end": 674.8,
      "text": "the jobs many of them do.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 322,
      "start": 674.8,
      "end": 676.64,
      "text": "I want to be fair here, because I think",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 323,
      "start": 676.64,
      "end": 679.28,
      "text": "it matters. AI data centers also create",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 324,
      "start": 679.28,
      "end": 682.16,
      "text": "construction jobs, local tax revenue,",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 325,
      "start": 682.16,
      "end": 684.36,
      "text": "and in some cases genuinely useful",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 326,
      "start": 684.36,
      "end": 686.64,
      "text": "technology for medicine and science.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 327,
      "start": 686.64,
      "end": 689.16,
      "text": "This isn't a simple villain story.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 328,
      "start": 689.16,
      "end": 690.839,
      "text": "Karen says these companies pick some of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 329,
      "start": 690.839,
      "end": 692.4,
      "text": "the most vulnerable communities for",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 330,
      "start": 692.4,
      "end": 694.24,
      "text": "these projects. And when you look at",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 331,
      "start": 694.24,
      "end": 695.88,
      "text": "where facilities like this actually",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 332,
      "start": 695.88,
      "end": 697.64,
      "text": "land, it's hard to call that a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 333,
      "start": 697.64,
      "end": 699.68,
      "text": "coincidence, either.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 334,
      "start": 699.68,
      "end": 700.92,
      "text": "Now, here's the part where you might",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 335,
      "start": 700.92,
      "end": 702.72,
      "text": "expect me to just tell you to log off",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 336,
      "start": 702.72,
      "end": 704.92,
      "text": "and boycott AI forever.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 337,
      "start": 704.92,
      "end": 706.68,
      "text": "That's not what Karen says. Her answer",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 338,
      "start": 706.68,
      "end": 708.76,
      "text": "is more interesting and honestly more",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 339,
      "start": 708.76,
      "end": 710.03,
      "text": "useful.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 340,
      "start": 710.03,
      "end": 710.04,
      "text": "useful.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 341,
      "start": 710.04,
      "end": 712.16,
      "text": "Karen's suggestion isn't delete every AI",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 342,
      "start": 712.16,
      "end": 714.8,
      "text": "app. It's smarter than that. She calls",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 343,
      "start": 714.8,
      "end": 717.16,
      "text": "all of us data donors, meaning every",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 344,
      "start": 717.16,
      "end": 719.52,
      "text": "time we use these tools, we're feeding",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 345,
      "start": 719.52,
      "end": 721.36,
      "text": "the very systems these companies need to",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 346,
      "start": 721.36,
      "end": 723.8,
      "text": "keep growing. Her point, you have more",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 347,
      "start": 723.8,
      "end": 725.88,
      "text": "leverage than you think. She lists a few",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 348,
      "start": 725.88,
      "end": 727.52,
      "text": "concrete things, and I want to walk",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 349,
      "start": 727.52,
      "end": 729.44,
      "text": "through them simply. Withhold what you",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 350,
      "start": 729.44,
      "end": 731.64,
      "text": "can. Artists and writers suing these",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 351,
      "start": 731.64,
      "end": 733.44,
      "text": "companies over their work are, in her",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 352,
      "start": 733.44,
      "end": 735.6,
      "text": "words, trying to withhold the resource",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 353,
      "start": 735.6,
      "end": 737.36,
      "text": "these companies need most, original",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 354,
      "start": 737.36,
      "end": 739.88,
      "text": "human data. Get loud locally.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 355,
      "start": 739.88,
      "end": 742.24,
      "text": ">> And that's what we've seen with all of",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 356,
      "start": 742.24,
      "end": 743.64,
      "text": "these people that are now literally",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 357,
      "start": 743.64,
      "end": 744.84,
      "text": "protesting the streets against data",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 358,
      "start": 744.84,
      "end": 747.0,
      "text": "centers and having an enormous effect,",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 359,
      "start": 747.0,
      "end": 749.28,
      "text": "by the way, actually stalling data",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 360,
      "start": 749.28,
      "end": 751.44,
      "text": "center projects and also completely",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 361,
      "start": 751.44,
      "end": 753.04,
      "text": "banning data centers from being",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 362,
      "start": 753.04,
      "end": 754.8,
      "text": "developed in their localities.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 363,
      "start": 754.8,
      "end": 756.32,
      "text": ">> She points out that data centers are",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 364,
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    {
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      "text": "and in several places, local communities",
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    },
    {
      "id": 366,
      "start": 760.839,
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      "text": "have already succeeded in stalling or",
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    },
    {
      "id": 367,
      "start": 762.76,
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      "text": "outright banning new data center",
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    },
    {
      "id": 368,
      "start": 764.28,
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      "text": "projects through public pressure. Push",
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    },
    {
      "id": 369,
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      "text": "at your school or workplace.",
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    },
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      "id": 370,
      "start": 768.76,
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      "text": "If your company or university is",
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    },
    {
      "id": 371,
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      "text": "drafting an AI adoption policy, that",
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    },
    {
      "id": 372,
      "start": 772.92,
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      "text": "conversation is one small piece of a",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 373,
      "start": 774.839,
      "end": 776.72,
      "text": "much bigger puzzle, and your voice in",
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    },
    {
      "id": 374,
      "start": 776.72,
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      "text": "that room genuinely counts. Support",
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    },
    {
      "id": 375,
      "start": 779.08,
      "end": 780.51,
      "text": "alternatives.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 376,
      "start": 780.51,
      "end": 780.52,
      "text": "alternatives.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 377,
      "start": 780.52,
      "end": 782.4,
      "text": "Karen says there's research showing the",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 378,
      "start": 782.4,
      "end": 785.2,
      "text": "same useful AI capabilities can be built",
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    },
    {
      "id": 379,
      "start": 785.2,
      "end": 787.36,
      "text": "with far more efficient methods and far",
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    },
    {
      "id": 380,
      "start": 787.36,
      "end": 789.4,
      "text": "less resource consumption, what she",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 381,
      "start": 789.4,
      "end": 791.8,
      "text": "calls the bicycles of AI as opposed to",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 382,
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      "text": "the resource-hungry rockets.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 383,
      "start": 794.32,
      "end": 796.52,
      "text": "She also cites a striking number.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 384,
      "start": 796.52,
      "end": 798.92,
      "text": ">> 80% of Americans in the most recent poll",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 385,
      "start": 798.92,
      "end": 800.2,
      "text": "think that the AI industry need to be",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 386,
      "start": 800.2,
      "end": 801.59,
      "text": "regulated.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 387,
      "start": 801.59,
      "end": 801.6,
      "text": "regulated.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 388,
      "start": 801.6,
      "end": 801.96,
      "text": ">> Yeah, I see.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 389,
      "start": 801.96,
      "end": 803.88,
      "text": ">> When was the last time that 80% of",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 390,
      "start": 803.88,
      "end": 805.24,
      "text": "Americans were on the same side of an",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 391,
      "start": 805.24,
      "end": 805.79,
      "text": "issue?",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 392,
      "start": 805.79,
      "end": 805.8,
      "text": "issue?",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 393,
      "start": 805.8,
      "end": 807.44,
      "text": ">> A shift she says happened largely",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 394,
      "start": 807.44,
      "end": 809.0,
      "text": "because of stories like the ones in her",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 395,
      "start": 809.0,
      "end": 811.52,
      "text": "book reaching the public. I want to end",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 396,
      "start": 811.52,
      "end": 814.28,
      "text": "this fairly because Karen herself does.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 397,
      "start": 814.28,
      "end": 816.28,
      "text": "Late in the conversation, Steven pushes",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 398,
      "start": 816.28,
      "end": 818.2,
      "text": "back a little saying that as an",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 399,
      "start": 818.2,
      "end": 820.6,
      "text": "entrepreneur and investor, he genuinely",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 400,
      "start": 820.6,
      "end": 823.6,
      "text": "finds AI incredible. Safer driving,",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 401,
      "start": 823.6,
      "end": 825.28,
      "text": "tools that help him create things he",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 402,
      "start": 825.28,
      "end": 827.6,
      "text": "couldn't before. Real value for over a",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 403,
      "start": 827.6,
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      "text": "billion users. And Karen doesn't dismiss",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 404,
      "start": 830.0,
      "end": 832.4,
      "text": "that. Her answer is basically, you can",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 405,
      "start": 832.4,
      "end": 834.72,
      "text": "hold both truths at once.",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 406,
      "start": 834.72,
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      "text": "AI can be genuinely useful and the",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 407,
      "start": 836.84,
      "end": 838.6,
      "text": "current way it's being built and rushed",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 408,
      "start": 838.6,
      "end": 841.32,
      "text": "to market can be genuinely harmful.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 409,
      "start": 841.32,
      "end": 843.32,
      "text": "Those aren't contradictions. They're two",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 410,
      "start": 843.32,
      "end": 845.16,
      "text": "honest observations about the same",
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      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 411,
      "start": 845.16,
      "end": 847.12,
      "text": "industry. That's actually the most",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 412,
      "start": 847.12,
      "end": 850.32,
      "text": "balanced moment in the whole two hours.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 413,
      "start": 850.32,
      "end": 852.56,
      "text": "And it's the note I want to end on, too.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 414,
      "start": 852.56,
      "end": 854.64,
      "text": "So, here's my question for you and I",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 415,
      "start": 854.64,
      "end": 856.84,
      "text": "genuinely want to know. Knowing what you",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 416,
      "start": 856.84,
      "end": 858.48,
      "text": "now know about where the water for your",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 417,
      "start": 858.48,
      "end": 860.28,
      "text": "chatbot's training run might be coming",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 418,
      "start": 860.28,
      "end": 862.32,
      "text": "from, does it change how you'll use",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 419,
      "start": 862.32,
      "end": 864.76,
      "text": "these tools tomorrow? Not never. I'm not",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 420,
      "start": 864.76,
      "end": 867.68,
      "text": "asking you to swear off technology. Just",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 421,
      "start": 867.68,
      "end": 870.32,
      "text": "pay attention. Ask questions.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 422,
      "start": 870.32,
      "end": 872.52,
      "text": "Support the version of AI that doesn't",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 423,
      "start": 872.52,
      "end": 874.36,
      "text": "need a small town in Tennessee to smell",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 424,
      "start": 874.36,
      "end": 875.96,
      "text": "gas in their living room to make it",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 425,
      "start": 875.96,
      "end": 877.6,
      "text": "work. If this made you think",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 426,
      "start": 877.6,
      "end": 880.0,
      "text": "differently, even a little, share it",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 427,
      "start": 880.0,
      "end": 882.28,
      "text": "with one person who uses AI every day",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 428,
      "start": 882.28,
      "end": 884.44,
      "text": "without ever asking these questions.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 429,
      "start": 884.44,
      "end": 886.2,
      "text": "That's genuinely how change like this",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    },
    {
      "id": 430,
      "start": 886.2,
      "end": 888.8,
      "text": "starts.",
      "source": "source_caption",
      "timing_uncertain": false
    }
  ]
}